Graduate Research Papers

Availability

Open Access Graduate Research Paper

Abstract

The formal development of individualized instructional programs in America began as a reaction against the age-graded lock-step system in which all students were constrained to study the same materials, in the same way, for the same length of time. Arguments for breaking down uniformity of instruction gained support with the appearance of instruments for measuring human abilities. It became clear that students differ not only in intelligence but in creativity. It also became clear that great differences between competence and performance are possible, and that inequalities in intellect, physical ability and social behavior, great in childhood, increase as students move through the grades. In the 1960 1 s, pressure for change came from a variety of resources. Psychologists were beginning to characterize students as active learners, capable of creating and fulfilling their own learning needs. Criticisms of perceived quality of American schools also created pressure for changes in social organization and instruction.

Year of Submission

1981

Degree Name

Master of Arts in Education

Department

Department of School Administration and Personnel Services

First Advisor

R. P. Brimm

Comments

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Date Original

1981

Object Description

1 PDF file (55 leaves)

Language

en

File Format

application/pdf

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