Faculty Publications
Document Type
Article
Publication Version
Published Version
Keywords
Discrimination, Field experiments, Forecasting, Gender, Meta-analysis, Open science
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
Volume
179
First Page
1
Last Page
26
Abstract
A preregistered meta-analysis, including 244 effect sizes from 85 field audits and 361,645 individual job applications, tested for gender bias in hiring practices in female-stereotypical and gender-balanced as well as male-stereotypical jobs from 1976 to 2020. A “red team” of independent experts was recruited to increase the rigor and robustness of our meta-analytic approach. A forecasting survey further examined whether laypeople (n = 499 nationally representative adults) and scientists (n = 312) could predict the results. Forecasters correctly anticipated reductions in discrimination against female candidates over time. However, both scientists and laypeople overestimated the continuation of bias against female candidates. Instead, selection bias in favor of male over female candidates was eliminated and, if anything, slightly reversed in sign starting in 2009 for mixed-gender and male-stereotypical jobs in our sample. Forecasters further failed to anticipate that discrimination against male candidates for stereotypically female jobs would remain stable across the decades.
Department
Department of Psychology
Original Publication Date
11-1-2023
Object Description
1 PDF File
DOI of published version
10.1016/j.obhdp.2023.104280
Repository
UNI ScholarWorks, Rod Library, University of Northern Iowa
Copyright
©2023 The Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Language
en
File Format
application/pdf
Recommended Citation
Harton, Helen C.; Schaerer, Michael; Plessis, Christilene Du; Nguyen, My Hoang Bao; Aert, Robbie C.M.Van; Tiokhin, Leo; Lakens, Daniel; Clemente, Elena Giulia; Pfeiffer, Thomas; Dreber, Anna; Johannesson, Magnus; Clark, Cory J.; and Uhlmann, Eric Luis, "On the trajectory of discrimination: A meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions" (2023). Faculty Publications. 5623.
https://scholarworks.uni.edu/facpub/5623
Comments
First published in Organizational Behavior and Human Design Processes, v179 (Nov 2023) published by Elsevier B.V. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2023.104280