Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

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Open Access Thesis

Keywords

Bioremediation; Explosives--Biodegradation; Soil pollution--Biodegradation; Soil remediation;

Abstract

Bioremediation of contaminated soil and water has been the topic of considerable research interest. White rot fungi have recently been proposed for use in biodegradation of explosives. The explosives, TNT, RDX and HMX are integral components of the manufacture of munitions. The wastes from the production of these and other explosives have been discharged into the surrounding environment resulting in contamination. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and strain F600, a proprietary white rot fungus developed by Mycotech Corporation, were studied with regard to their ability to degrade TNT, HMX and RDX in liquid cultures and in soil. Laboratory studies demonstrated that P. chrysosporium and F600 mediated substantial biodegradation of 14C-TNT in liquid cultures. The initial step in biodegradation of TNT by these fungi is the reduction of TNT to 2-amino-4,6- dinitrotoluene and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene. However, P. chrysosporium mineralized 14C-TNT more efficiently than strain F600. Both fungi degraded 14C-TNT to more polar metabolites. Field studies were performed on-site at the Yorktown Naval Weapons Station (Yorktown, Virginia) during 1995 and 1996. A pilot study was conducted at the site to determine a suitable formulation that would be utilized in a larger scale field demonstration. Although results from the pilot study were unsatisfactory due to environmental conditions at the site and the high concentrations of explosives present, a formulation was chosen and a field study was performed. Extensive biodegradation of TNT, HMX and RDX was observed in the presence or absence of added fungi indicating that indigenous microorganisms have the ability to degrade these compounds in the presence of a suitable growth substrate.

Year of Submission

1998

Degree Name

Master of Science

Department

Department of Chemistry

First Advisor

John A. Bumpus

Second Advisor

Carl G. Johnston

Third Advisor

Edward J. Brown

Comments

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Date Original

1998

Object Description

1 PDF file (113 leaves)

Language

en

File Format

application/pdf

Included in

Chemistry Commons

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